Global warming is when the earth heats up (the temperature rises) and it happens when green house gases such as Carbon dioxide (CO2), water vapour, Nitrous Oxide and Methane (CH4) trap heat and light from the sun in the earths atmosphere which increases the temperature.
Global warming can also be defined as continuing rise in the average temperature of the earth’s atmosphere and oceans. Global warming is caused by increased concentrations of green house gases in the atmosphere resulting from human activities such as deforestation and burning of fossil fuels. In order words, global warming is the increase of the earth’s average surface temperature due to effect of Green house Gases such as CO2, emission from burning fossil fuel or from deforestation which traps heat that would otherwise escape from earth. This is a type of Green House Effect. This hurts many people, animals and plants. Many cannot take the change so they die.
What is Green House Effect?
The Greenhouse Effect is when the temperature rise because of the sun’s heat and light is trapped in the earth’s atmosphere. This is like when heat is trapped in the car. On a very hot day, the car gets hotter when it is out in the parking lot. This is because the heat and light from the sun can get into the car by going through the windows but it cannot get back out. This is what the green house effect does to the earth. The heat and light can get through the atmosphere, but it can’t get out. As a result the temperature rises.
The sun’s heat can get into the car through the window but is then trapped. This makes what ever the place might be a green house, a car, a building or the earth’s atmosphere hotter. Once the light from the sun gets inside the car for instance, it is trapped and the heat builds up, just like it does in the earths’ atmosphere.
The green house effect makes the earth appropriate for people to live on. Without it the earth would be freezing or on the other hand it would be burning hot. It would freeze at night because the sun would be down.
Although the green house effect makes the earth able to have people living on it, if there gets to be too many gases, the earth can get unusually warmer and many plants, animals and people will die. They would die because there would be less food (plants like corn, wheat and other vegetables and fruits). This would cause us to have less food to eat, but it would also limit the food that animals have, with less food like grass, for animals that we need to survive (this would happen because the plants would not be able to take the heat.) we would even have less food. Gradually people, plants, animals would die of hunger.
What are Green House Grasses?
Green house grasses are gases in the earths’ atmosphere that collects heat and light from the sun. With too many Green house grasses in the air, the earths’ atmosphere will trap too much heat and the earth will get too hot. As a result people and animals would die because heat would be too strong.
What is Global Warming doing to the Environment?
Global Warming is affecting many parts of the world. Global warming makes the sea rise and when the sea rises, the water covers many lowland islands. This is a problem for many plants, animals and people on islands. The water causes some of the plants to die. When they die the animals lose their sources of food along with their habitat.
The ocean are affected by global warming in other ways as well, many things that are happening to the ocean are linked to global warming. One thing that is happening is warm water cause from global warming and is harming and killing algae and ocean.
Algae are a producer that you can see floating on the top of the water. A producer is something that makes food for other animals through photosynthesis, like grass. These floating green algae are food to many consumers in the ocean. A consumer is something that eats the producers e.g. the small fish, crabs, some whales etc. Global Warming is also killing algae but it is also destroying many huge forests. The pollution that causes Global Warming is linked to acid rain.
Global Warming is also causing many more fires that wipe out whole forests. This happens because global warming makes the earth very hot. Some plants and tree leaves can be so dry that they catch on fire easily.
Causes of Global Warming
Many things cause global warming. One thing that causes global warming is electrical pollution. Electricity causes pollution in many ways. In most cases fossil fuels are burned to create electricity. Fossil fuels are made from dead plants and animals. Some examples of fossil fuel are oil and petroleum. Many pollutants (chemicals that pollute the air, water bodies and land) are sent into the air when fossil fuels once burned. Some of these chemicals are called green house gases.
Some other examples of using energy that results in pollution of the air are.
v Turning on a light
v Watching T.V
v Listening to a stereo
v Washing or drying cloths
v Using a hair dryer
v Riding in a car
v Heating a meal in the micro wave
v Using an air conditioner
v Playing a video game
v Using a dish washer
When you do these things you are causing more greenhouse gases to be sent into the air.
Another thing that makes global warning worse is when people cut down trees. Trees and other plants collect CO2, which is green house gas.
What are people doing to stop Global Warning?
People are doing many things to stop global warning. One thing people are doing is car-pooling. Car-pooling is driving with someone to a place that you are both going. This minimizes the amount of greenhouse gases put into the air by a car. Another thing people are doing is being more careful about leaving things turned on like T.V, computer and lights.
What is Government doing to stop Global Warming?
The Government made the law called the Clean Air Act so there is less air pollution. Global Warming is making people get very bad illness that could make them disables, very sick and sometimes even die. The Clean Air Act is making many companies change their products to decrease these problems. The Clean Air Act has also made car companies change some of the things inside of the cars. Cars pollute a lot while cars make more than half of the world’s smog (visible pollution in the air). Many things that cars need to move and heat up make even more pollution. Cars, buses and trucks are also responsible for over 50% of dangerous chemicals let into the air some of these chemicals can cause cancer, birth defects, trouble breathing brain and nerve damage, lung injuries and burning eyes. Some of the pollutants are so harmful that they can even cause death.
There is also the Kyoto Protocol which mandates partner governments to cut down on their CO2 emissions. Another mechanism employed to cut global CO2 emissions is the Carbond Development Mechanism (CDM). Countries are now exploring alternative and renewable energy sources that are more climate friendly like bio-fuels, solar energy, tidal energy among others.
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Global Warming is affecting many parts of the world. Global Warming makes the sea rise and when the sea rises, the water covers many low land Islands. This is a problem for many plants, animals and people on Islands. The water cause the plants and cause some of them to die. When they die, the animals lost a source of food, along with their habitat.
YOUTH INITIATIVE FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE (YISA) NIGERIA 